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British Ground forces officeholder (1906–1996)

Jack Churchill
Black-and-white photograph of Churchill in uniform, sitting at a desk, and looking up at the camera while writing

"Mad Jack" Churchill
Nickname(due south)
  • Fighting Jack Churchill
  • Mad Jack
Born (1906-09-16)xvi September 1906
Colombo, British Ceylon[one]
Died 8 March 1996(1996-03-08) (aged 89)
Surrey, England
Allegiance Britain
Service/co-operative British Army
Years of service 1926–1936
1939–1959
Rank Lieutenant Colonel
Unit of measurement
  • Manchester Regiment
  • fifth (Scottish) Parachute Battalion
  • Seaforth Highlanders
  • Highland Light Infantry
Commands held No. 2 Commando
Battles/wars Burma Rebellion 1930–32
Second World War
1948 Palestine War
Awards Distinguished Service Order & Bar
Armed services Cantankerous & Bar

John Malcolm Thorpe Fleming Churchill, DSO & Bar, MC & Bar (xvi September 1906 – 8 March 1996) was a British Army officer who fought in the Second World War with a longbow, bagpipes, and a Scottish broadsword. Nicknamed "Fighting Jack Churchill" and "Mad Jack", he was known for the motto: "Whatsoever officer who goes into action without his sword is improperly dressed."

Early on life [edit]

Churchill was born in Colombo, British Ceylon,[1] to Alec Fleming Churchill (1876–1961), later on of Hove, East Sussex, and Elinor Elizabeth, daughter of John Alexander Bond Bell, of Kelnahard, Canton Cavan, Republic of ireland, and of Dimbula, Ceylon. Alec, of a family long settled at Deddington, Oxfordshire, had been District Engineer in the Ceylon Civil Service, in which his father, John Fleming Churchill (1829–1894), had also served.[1] [2] Soon after Jack'southward birth, the family returned to Dormansland, Surrey, where his younger brother, Thomas Bell Lindsay Churchill (1907–1990), was born.[3] In 1910, the Churchills moved to British Hong Kong when Alec Churchill was appointed equally Director of Public Works; he also served as a member of the Executive Council. The Churchills' third and youngest son, Robert Alec Farquhar Churchill—after a lieutenant in the Royal Navy and Fleet Air Arm—was built-in in Hong Kong in 1911. The family returned to England in 1917.[4] [v] [vi] [7] [viii]

Churchill was educated at Male monarch William's College on the Mann. He graduated from the Royal Military Higher, Sandhurst, in 1926 and served in Burma with the Manchester Regiment. He enjoyed riding a motorbike while in Burma.[9] [ unreliable source? ]

Churchill left the ground forces in 1936 and worked equally a newspaper editor in Nairobi, Kenya, and as a male person model.[9] [ unreliable source? ] He used his archery and bagpipe talents to play a small role in the 1924 film The Thief of Bagdad [10] and also appeared in the 1938 film A Yank at Oxford.[9] [ unreliable source? ] [11] He took second place in the 1938 military machine pipage contest at the Aldershot Tattoo.[9] [ unreliable source? ] In 1939, he represented Great U.k. at the Earth Archery Championships in Oslo.[12] [9] [ unreliable source? ]

Second Globe War [edit]

Black-and-white photograph of Churchill in uniform looking down the barrel of a large artillery gun with A stone barricade visible in the background

Churchill stares down the butt of a captured Belgian 75 mm field gun.

France (1940) [edit]

Churchill resumed his commission later Deutschland invaded Poland in September 1939 and was assigned to the Manchester Regiment, which was sent to French republic in the British Expeditionary Forcefulness. In May 1940, Churchill and some of his men ambushed a German patrol nearly Fifty'Épinette (virtually Richebourg, Pas-de-Calais). Churchill gave the signal to assault by raising his broadsword. A common story is that Churchill killed a German language with a longbow in this action. Withal, Churchill later said that his bows had been crushed by a lorry earlier in the entrada.[13] Afterward fighting at Dunkirk, he volunteered for the Commandos.[14]

Jack's younger brother, Thomas Churchill, also served with and led a Commando brigade during the war.[fifteen] Afterward the war, Thomas wrote a volume, Commando Cause, that details some of the brothers' experiences during the war.[sixteen] Their youngest brother, Robert, also known equally 'Buster', served in the Royal Navy and was killed in action in 1942.[17]

Kingdom of norway (1941) [edit]

Churchill was second in command of No. three Commando in Operation Archery, a raid on the German garrison at Vågsøy, Kingdom of norway, on 27 December 1941.[18] As the ramps fell on the first landing craft, he leapt forrard from his position playing "March of the Cameron Men"[19] on his bagpipes, before throwing a grenade and charging into battle. For his actions at Dunkirk and Vågsøy, Churchill received the Military Cross and Bar.

Italy (1943) [edit]

In July 1943, as commanding officer, he led No. 2 Commando from their landing site at Catania in Sicily with his trademark Scottish broadsword slung around his waist, a longbow and arrows around his cervix and his bagpipes under his arm,[20] which he also did in the landings at Salerno.

Leading ii Commando, Churchill was ordered to capture a German ascertainment mail outside the town of Molina, decision-making a pass leading down to the Salerno beachhead.[21] With the assist of a corporal, he infiltrated the town and captured the post, taking 42 prisoners including a mortar squad. Churchill led the men and prisoners back down the pass, with the wounded being carried on carts pushed past German language prisoners. He commented that it was "an image from the Napoleonic Wars."[21] He received the Distinguished Service Club for leading this activeness at Salerno.[22]

Churchill later walked back to the town to call back his sword, which he had lost in hand-to-hand combat with the High german regiment. On his way there, he encountered a disoriented American patrol mistakenly walking towards enemy lines. When the NCO in command of the patrol refused to turn around, Churchill told them that he was going his own way and that he wouldn't come up dorsum for a "encarmine third time".[4]

Yugoslavia (1944) [edit]

As role of Maclean Mission (Macmis), in 1944, he led the Commandos in Yugoslavia, where they supported Josip Broz Tito'south Partisans from the Adriatic isle of Vis.[23] In May he was ordered to raid the German held isle of Brač. He organized a "motley army" of 1,500 Partisans, 43 Commando and one troop from xl Commando for the raid. The landing was unopposed, but on seeing the gun emplacements from which they later on encountered German fire, the Partisans decided to defer the attack until the post-obit twenty-four hours. Churchill's bagpipes signalled the remaining Commandos to battle. Afterwards being strafed past an RAF Spitfire, Churchill decided to withdraw for the night and re-launch the attack the following morning.[24]

Capture [edit]

The post-obit morning, a flanking set on was launched past 43 Commando with Churchill leading the elements from twoscore Commando. The Partisans remained at the landing surface area. Only Churchill and six others managed to reach the objective. A mortar shell killed or wounded everyone simply Churchill, who was playing "Will Ye No Come Back Again?" on his pipes equally the Germans advanced. He was knocked unconscious past grenades and captured. Believing that he might exist related to Winston Churchill,[24] German language military machine intelligence had Churchill flown to Berlin for interrogation. Afterwards, he was transferred to a special compound for "prominent" POWs – including some actual or suspected relatives of Winston Churchill – within the grounds of Sachsenhausen concentration camp.[14]

Black-and-white photograph of soldiers in uniform scrambling out of a Eureka boat into choppy waters while carrying ladders, with Churchill leading in the far-right, his sword visible in his right hand

Jack Churchill (far right) leads a training exercise, sword in paw, from a Eureka boat in Inveraray.

In September 1944, Churchill, three Royal Air Strength officers (survivors of the great escape) and Major Johnnie Dodge escaped Sachsenhausen using a tunnel dug by themselves in secret. Churchill and Royal Air Strength officer Bertram James attempted to walk to the Baltic declension. They were captured near the German littoral metropolis of Rostock, a few kilometres from the sea.

In belatedly April 1945 Churchill and virtually 140 other prominent concentration camp inmates were transferred to Tyrol, guarded by SS troops.[25] A delegation of prisoners told senior High german ground forces officers they feared they would be executed. A German army unit commanded by Captain Wichard von Alvensleben moved in to protect the prisoners. Outnumbered, the SS guards moved out, leaving the prisoners behind.[25] The prisoners were released and, after the difference of the Germans, Churchill walked 150 kilometres (93 mi) to Verona, Italian republic, where he met an American armoured unit.[14]

Burma (1945) [edit]

As the Pacific War was still on, Churchill was sent to Burma,[14] where some of the largest state battles against Japan were being fought. By the time Churchill reached Republic of india, Hiroshima and Nagasaki had been bombed and the war concluded. Churchill was said to exist unhappy with the sudden stop of the war, proverb: "If it wasn't for those damn Yanks, nosotros could accept kept the war going another 10 years!"[14]

Post-Second World State of war [edit]

British Palestine [edit]

After the 2nd Earth War ended, Churchill qualified as a parachutist and transferred to the Seaforth Highlanders. He was shortly posted to Mandatory Palestine equally executive officer of the 1st Battalion, the Highland Light Infantry.[14]

In the spring of 1948, just before the end of the British mandate in the region, he became involved in another conflict. Along with twelve of his soldiers, he attempted to assist the Hadassah medical convoy that came under attack by Arab forces.[14] Churchill was ane of the offset men on the scene and banged on a charabanc, offer to evacuate members of the convoy in an APC, in contradiction to the British military orders to keep out of the fight. His offer was refused in the belief that the Jewish Haganah would come to their help in an organized rescue.[26] When no relief arrived, Churchill and his twelve men provided comprehend fire against the Arab forces.[27] [28] [29] Two of the convoy trucks caught fire, and 77 of the 79 people inside of them were killed.[28] The result is known today equally the Hadassah medical convoy massacre.

Of the experience, he said: "Nigh one hundred and fifty insurgents, armed with weapons varying from blunder-busses and old flintlocks to mod Sten and Bren guns, took cover behind a cactus patch in the grounds of the American Colony ... I went out and faced them." "About 250 rifle-men were on the border of our property shooting at the convoy.... I begged them to desist from using the grounds of the American Colony for such a dastardly purpose."[27] [28] [29]

Afterwards the massacre, he coordinated the evacuation of 700 Jewish doctors, students and patients from the Hadassah hospital on the Hebrew University campus on Mount Scopus in Jerusalem, where the convoy had been headed.[14]

Further pic appearance [edit]

In 1952, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer produced the motion-picture show Ivanhoe shot in Uk featuring Churchill's old rowing companion, Robert Taylor. The studio hired Churchill to appear as an archer, shooting from the walls of Warwick Castle.

Australia and surfing [edit]

In later years, Churchill served as an instructor at the land-air warfare school in Australia, where he became a passionate devotee of the surfboard. Back in Britain, he was the first man to ride the River Severn's five-foot tidal bore and designed his own board.[xiv] During this fourth dimension back in Britain, he worked at a desk job in the army.[9] [ unreliable source? ]

Retirement (1959–1996) [edit]

Churchill retired from the regular army in 1959. In retirement, his eccentricity continued. He startled train guards and passengers by throwing his briefcase out of the train window each day on the ride home. He later on explained that he was tossing his instance into his own back garden so he would not have to carry information technology from the station.[14] He also enjoyed sailing coal-fired ships on the Thames and playing with radio-controlled model warships.[9] [ unreliable source? ]

Death [edit]

Churchill died on eight March 1996 at 89 years onetime, in the county of Surrey.[6]

In March 2014, the Regal Norwegian Explorers Club published a book that featured Churchill, naming him as one of the finest explorers and adventurers of all time.[30]

Family unit [edit]

Churchill married Rosamund Margaret Denny, the daughter of Sir Maurice Edward Denny and granddaughter of Sir Archibald Denny, on viii March 1941.[31] They had two children, Malcolm John Leslie Churchill, born 1942, and Rodney Alistair Gladstone Churchill, born 1947.[31]

Meet as well [edit]

  • Neb Millin – another bagpiper during the Second World State of war
  • Digby Tatham-Warter
  • Alfred Wintle

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ a b c "The Churchill Chronicles, Maj.-Gen. Thomas B. Fifty. Churchill, C.B., C.B.E., M.C." (PDF). First Impressions. 1986. pp. 70, 89. Retrieved 6 Baronial 2018.
  2. ^ "Churchill Graves and Memorials at Deddington" (PDF) . Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  3. ^ Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 1999, vol. 1, p. 337
  4. ^ a b Maj-Gen Thomas B.L. Churchill, CB CBE MC (1986). The Churchill Chronicles: Annals of a Yeoman Family.
  5. ^ "Fighting Jack Churchill survived a wartime odyssey beyond compare". WWII History Mag. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
  6. ^ a b "Lieutenant-Colonel Jack Churchill". Telegraph. London. 13 March 1996. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
  7. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 26 September 2013. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ "Archived re-create". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 26 September 2013. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy every bit title (link)
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Hay, Mark (20 May 2014). "The British Soldier Who Killed Nazis with a Sword and a Longbow". Vice.
  10. ^ Matinee, Classics. "The Thief of Bagdad (1924)". Archived from the original on 23 Feb 2014. Retrieved 12 Feb 2014.
  11. ^ "A Yank at Oxford (1938) - Full Cast and Crew - IMDb". IMDb.
  12. ^ 1939 Earth Archery Championships (Complete results) (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 14 Oct 2013
  13. ^ Owen, James (2012). Commando – Winning World War 2 Behind Enemy Lines, Ballantine Books
  14. ^ a b c d e f one thousand h i j Smith (2005)
  15. ^ "Generals of World War Ii". Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  16. ^ Commando Cause. OCLC 17619513.
  17. ^ "Lt Robert Alec Farquhar Churchill, RN Memorial". Archived from the original on 21 August 2016.
  18. ^ Parker p. 41
  19. ^ BBC: Swell Raids of World War Two, Flavour one, Episode vi: Arctic Commando Assault
  20. ^ Parker p. 133
  21. ^ a b Parker pp. 136–137
  22. ^ London Gazette
  23. ^ Parker p. 148
  24. ^ a b Parker pp. 150–152
  25. ^ a b Peter Koblank: Dice Befreiung der Sonder- und Sippenhäftlinge in Südtirol, Online-Edition Mythos Elser 2006 (in German)
  26. ^ Dan Kurzman, Genesis: The 1948 Showtime Arab-Israeli War, New American Library, 1970 pp. 188ff.
  27. ^ a b Martin Levin,It Takes a Dream: The Story of Hadassah, Gefen Publishing Firm, 2002 p. 22
  28. ^ a b c Fighting Jack Churchill survived a wartime odyssey beyond compare, Robert Barr Smith, WWII History Magazine, July 2005.
  29. ^ a b Bertha Spafford Vester (and Evelyn Wells); 'Our Jerusalem'; Printed in Lebanon; 1950; pp. 353–376.
  30. ^ Thomas, Allister (31 March 2014). "Scots sword-wielding WWII hero honoured by book". The Scotsman . Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  31. ^ a b Warner, Philip. "Churchill, John Malcolm Thorpe Fleming [Jack]". Oxford Lexicon of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/62152. (Subscription or United kingdom public library membership required.)

References [edit]

  • Kirchner, Paul (2009). More than of the Deadliest Men Who Ever Lived. Paladin Press. ISBN978-1-58160-690-4.
  • Parker, John (2000). Commandos: The inside story of Britain's most elite fighting force. London: Bounty Books. ISBN978-0-7537-1292-4.
  • Smith, Robert Barr (July 2005). "Fighting Jack Churchill Survived A Wartime Odyssey Beyond Compare".
  • "The Man Who Fought in WWII with a Sword and Bow". 12 September 2013.
  • King-Clark, King (1997). Jack Churchill 'Unlimited Boldness' . Knutsford Cheshire: Fleur-de-Lys Publishing. ISBN978-1-873907-06-1.
  • 1939 World Archery Championships (Complete results) (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2013
  • "A Yank at Oxford (1938) - Total Cast and Crew - IMDb". IMDb.

External links [edit]

  • Imperial War Museum Interview
  • Jack Churchill at IMDb

lynchthesed.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Churchill

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